Case report identifies an Epstein–Barr virus smooth muscle tumor in a child with CARMIL2 deficiency, suggesting immunodeficiency evaluation is crucial.
hybridization (EBER-ISH) is recommended for all smooth muscle tumors, and evidence of primary immunodeficiency (PID) should be investigated in patients without secondary immunodeficiency. Immunorestoration remains the fundamental therapeutic strategy, novel approaches such as exogenous IL-2 require further investigation.
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Peng et al. (2026) studied this question.
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