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Demonstrates singularity-free extremal horizons in CCEGA black holes, suggesting a major shift from general relativity.
Horowitz, Kolanowski, Remmen & Santos (arXiv:2605.30411, 2026) show that axions cause extremal black holes to develop infinite tidal-force singularities on their horizons in GR. We examine whether this result applies to CCEGA black holes (M > 12 M☉), which possess horizons but have a density-dependent effective Newton constant G_eff(ρ) = G_N exp(−ρ/ρ_c). We argue that G_eff(ρ) and the RS1 bulk Weyl tensor E_μν act as universal regulators: the effective radion-gauge coupling is suppressed by g_eff = g_φ·e⁻¹ at the horizon density ρ_h ~ ρ_c = 7.4 ρ_nuc, shifting the near-horizon scaling exponent γ away from the singular regime γ < 2. Prediction: CCEGA black holes of all masses have singularity-free extremal horizons — a universal qualitative departure from GR. The explicit computation of γ remains an open problem.
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Marc López Sánchez (2026) studied this question.
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