Metacognitive regulation and neurophysiological mechanisms of temporal error monitoring

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Key Points

This study aims to clarify the mechanisms behind temporal error monitoring, focusing on cognitive adjustments and self-evaluation processes.
Systematic review of tasks and paradigms in temporal error monitoring.
Analysis of neurophysiological evidence including feedback-related negativity and oscillation patterns.
Development of a two-stage, three-pathway integrative model to explain the interaction between different mechanisms.
Identified three key mechanisms: self-evaluation, feedback modulation, and decision confidence regulation influencing accuracy.
Proposed model shows that neural activities such as beta and alpha oscillations correlate with error monitoring processes.
Highlights gaps in understanding the neural mechanisms, suggesting the need for longitudinal studies with ecological validity.

Examines error monitoring mechanisms impacting cognitive accuracy, suggesting new insights into psychological interventions.

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Cui et al. (2026) studied this question.

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