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-Oriented Software Development O bject-oriented programming techniques promote a new approach to software engineering. By revising "frameworks" of plug-compatible software components 3, reliable, open applications can be largely constructed, rather than programmed. Although the dream of a components-based software industry is very old 9, it is only recently that we appear close to realizing the dream. The reason for this is twofold: * Modern applications are increasingly open in terms of topology,
Nierstrasz et al. (Tue,) studied this question.