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In-situ diagnosis represents an urgent need for long-term battery safety and optimized performance. Dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS) enables in situ frequency response analysis during battery operations, offering critical insights into evolving electrochemical behaviors and emerging failure mechanisms. DEIS links fundamental electrochemical science and dynamic battery performance by elucidating kinetic pathways across time scales. Furthermore, it enables the precise characterization of analytical dynamics and addresses real-world complexities such as nonequilibrium processes and coupled electrochemical-thermal interactions. Moreover, DEIS provides a deeper understanding of battery aging and failure mechanisms that drive advancements in material innovation and operational optimization. This perspective focuses on the potential of DEIS in battery research, offering real-time insights into the intricate interplay of electrochemical processes and enabling safer and high-performing battery systems.
Du et al. (Tue,) studied this question.