Key result
Multiple environmental surveillance methods effectively concentrate and recover poliovirus from wastewater.
A comprehensive review of environmental surveillance methods highlights the technical considerations of grab/trap sampling and processing techniques necessary for detecting silent poliovirus circulation during the eradication endgame.
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Supports polio environmental surveillance optimization; extends method evaluations but leaves standardization and regional validation open.
We performed a review of the environmental surveillance methods commonly used to collect and concentrate poliovirus (PV) from water samples. We compared the sampling approaches (trap vs grab), the process methods (precipitation vs filtration), and the various tools and chemical reagents used to separate PV from other viruses and pathogens in water samples (microporous glass, pads, polyethylene glycol [PEG]/dextran, PEG/sodium chloride, NanoCeram/ViroCap, and ester membranes). The advantages and disadvantages of each method are considered, and the geographical areas where they are currently used are discussed. Several methods have demonstrated the ability to concentrate and recover PVs from environmental samples. The details of the particular sampling conditions and locations should be considered carefully in method selection.
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Matrajt et al. (2018) conducted a review in Poliovirus environmental surveillance. Environmental surveillance methods (grab vs trap sampling, precipitation vs filtration) was evaluated. Various environmental surveillance methods, including grab sampling and filtration or precipitation, demonstrate the ability to effectively concentrate and recover polioviruses from water samples.
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