Plasma Levels of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 as a Novel Biomarker for Acute Myocardial Infarction

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic significance of plasma transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) levels in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and to evaluate its prognostic value. METHODS: A total of 152 patients diagnosed with AMI at Zhongda Hospital between May 2023 and March 2024, forming the AMI group, along with 62 non-AMI patients as the control group. Plasma TRPV1 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) upon admission. All patients with AMI were followed up for 6 months. RESULTS: Plasma TRPV1 levels were significantly higher in the AMI group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated that TRPV1 levels positively correlated with diabetes, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), white blood cell count, creatine kinase, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine (sCr), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), Gensini scores, and the number of affected vessels, while showing a negative correlation with hemoglobin and left ventricular ejection fraction. Multiple linear regression analysis identified LDH, sCr, and HbA1c as independent factors influencing TRPV1 levels. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated a significant diagnostic value of TRPV1 for AMI (p < 0.001). Furthermore, Cox regression analysis revealed that elevated TRPV1 levels were significantly associated with the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) within 6 months (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Plasma TRPV1 is a promising biomarker for the diagnosis of AMI, with potential links to renal function and glycemic control. Additionally, TRPV1 holds prognostic value for predicting MACE within 6 months following AMI.