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• Synthesis Conditions : Various synthesis conditions significantly influence the material's structural stability, porosity, CO 2 uptake, morphology, and surface area. • CO 2 Adsorption Capacity : Material synthesized at elevated temperature (125 °C) yielded the maximum CO 2 adsorption capacity of up to 31 cm³/g. • Practical Applications : The evaluated physicochemical properties of the material demonstrated the material’s suitability to for CO 2 capture applications. The growing global concern over greenhouse gas emissions, specifically carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), has led to extensive research efforts to develop innovative materials and technologies to combat the impacts of climate change. Among these materials, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have received significant attention in science due to their distinctive structural and adsorption properties. Within this context, magnesium-based-MOF-74 (Mg-MOF-74) has emerged as a potential candidate for efficient post-combustion CO 2 capture. Mg-MOF-74 is a porous material that significantly removes CO 2 from gas mixtures by adsorption. Its porous structure, with accessible magnesium ions, enables selective CO 2 binding. The MOF has a high selectivity for CO 2 and may be reused with heat or pressure adjustments. This study undertakes a comprehensive exploration of the synthesis, characterization, and potential practical applications of Mg-MOF-74, with a particular emphasis on the effect of synthesis conditions on the material’s efficacy as a sustainable solution for reducing CO 2 emissions from typical coal-fired power plants. The synthesis of Mg-MOF-74 was conducted at various reaction temperatures (100 °C, 110 °C, and 125 °C) and time (8 and 24 h). Characterization techniques employed include X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, and Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). The XRD data highlight temperature and time effects on crystallinity, with 100 °C for 24 h yielding well-defined structures indicating higher crystallinity than other conditions. The TGA revealed that the synthesized material is thermally stable up to 600 °C. The FTIR analysis identifies critical functional groups, such as C = O , Mg-O, and C = C groups, oxygen-containing functional groups are prime for CO 2 capture. The low-pressure gas nitrogen gas adsorption (BET) study revealed Type III isotherms, signifying microporous and mesoporous features with maximum BET surface area of 24 m 2 /g, Langmuir surface area of 612 m 2 /g and varying pore sizes ranging between 8.48 and 10.13 nm. Low-pressure gas adsorption (LPGA) using CO 2 gas was used to evaluate the materials' adsorption capacity. Results showed that increasing the synthesis temperature to 125 °C increased the adsorption capacity to a maximum of 31 cm 3 /g. The SEM micrographs display diverse morphologies with irregular patterns and cloud-like structures across samples.
Mabuza et al. (Tue,) studied this question.