This survey of 54 students with visual impairments (aged 8–23 years) who participated in a one-week summer sports camp examined the opportunities they were given for self-determination at home, at school, with friends, for health care, and in physical education classes. The participants at all levels of visual impairment scored low in self-determination across all the domains, which indicates that they were given few opportunities for self-determined behaviors.
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Robinson et al. (2004) studied this question.
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