Key result
Fractional calculus framework successfully reproduces EADs in cardiac models unlike traditional memoryless models.
Why the study?
Traditional memoryless two-variable models fail to reproduce early afterdepolarizations, which are abnormal depolarizations during the action potential plateau associated with life-threatening arrhythmias.
Incorporating ion channel memory via fractional calculus into traditional cardiac models enables the simulation of early afterdepolarizations, providing a new framework for studying arrhythmogenesis.
May inform computational arrhythmia research; leaves open clinical translation from this animal model.
Understanding how past factors influence ion channel kinetics is essential for understanding complex phenomena in cardiac electrophysiology, such as early afterdepolarizations (EADs), which are abnormal depolarizations during the action potential plateau associated with life-threatening arrhythmias. We developed a mathematical framework that extends Hodgkin-Huxley type equations with gamma Mittag-Leffler distributed delays, using tools from Fractional Calculus. Traditional memoryless two-variable models fail to reproduce EADs. Our approach modifies FitzHugh-Nagumo, Mitchell-Schaeffer, and Karma cardiac models, enabling the generation of EADs in each of them. We analyze the emergence of these oscillations by discussing the fractional parameters and the mean and variance of the memory kernels. Stability observations are also presented.
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Monteiro et al. (2025) studied Early afterdepolarizations (EADs). Mathematical framework with gamma Mittag-Leffler distributed delays vs. Traditional memoryless two-variable models was evaluated on Generation of early afterdepolarizations (EADs). A mathematical framework using fractional calculus and distributed delays successfully reproduced early afterdepolarizations in cardiac models, unlike traditional memoryless two-variable models.
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