Transendothelial migration and trafficking of leukocytes in LFA-1-deficient mice

The leukocyte integrin LFA-1 plays an important role in leukocyte trafficking and the immune response. Using LFA-1-deficient mice, we demonstrate that LFA-1 regulates the trafficking of lymphocytes to peripheral lymph nodes, and, to a lesser degree, to mesenteric lymph nodes and acute inflammatory sites. LFA-1, either because of its role in initial adhesion and/ or the passage of leukocytes across endothelial cells, plays a vital role in T lymphocyte and neutrophil transendothelial migration. Neutrophils and activated T lymphocytes from LFA-1-deficient mice were unable to cross endothelial cell monolayers in response to a chemokine gradient, whereas wild-type (WT) T lymphocytes and neutrophils were capable of migration. By contrast, LFA-1-deficient T lymphocytes displayed normal chemotaxis to the same chemokine. Our studies with LFA-1-deficient monocytes indicate that LFA-1 acts in concert with complement receptor 3 to mediate transendothelial migration of these cells, as anti-CD18 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) blocked both WT and LFA-1-deficient monocyte transendothelial migration, whereas anti-CD11 b mAb preferentially blocked transendothelial migration of LFA-1-deficient monocytes. Finally, whereas anti-CD31 mAb blocked WT monocyte and neutrophil transendothelial cell migration they did not block LFA-1-deficient monocyte and neutrophil transendothelial migration.