We analyze the evolution of scalar and gauge fields during first-order phase transitions and show how the Kibble mechanism for the formation of topological defects emerges from the underlying dynamics, paying particular attention to problems posed by gauge invariance when a local symmetry is spontaneously broken. We discuss also the application of the mechanism to semilocal defects and electroweak strings.
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Hindmarsh et al. (1994) studied this question.
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