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February 26, 2018Frontiers in PhysiologyOpen Access

Effect of Shallow and Deep SCUBA Dives on Heart Rate Variability

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Key result

SCUBA diving at all depths consistently decreased heart rate and increased parasympathetic activity compared to baseline, while deep dives (150 and 200 ft) additionally increased sympathetic dynamics.

Why the study?

Do SCUBA dives of varying depths and gas mixtures alter cardiac autonomic nervous system activity in SCUBA divers?

Population

SCUBA divers

Comparison

SCUBA dives at various depths breathing… vs Baseline depth at sea level

Design

Other

Follow-up

During the dive

Authors

YNYeonsik NohUniversity of Massachusetts AmherstHPHugo F. Posada–QuinteroHeart Failure & TransplantYBYan BaiPeople's Liberation Army 401 Hospital

Discussion

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Overview

Alerts clinicians to monitor autonomic responses in divers with cardiac risk; leaves open arrhythmia prediction and depth thresholds.

Study Design

Type

Observational (n=24)

Structured PICO

Do SCUBA dives of varying depths and gas mixtures alter cardiac autonomic nervous system activity in SCUBA divers?

P
Population
24 experienced SCUBA and rebreather divers who performed dives at various depths (33 to 200 ft) and breathing gas mixtures to assess changes in heart rate variability.
E
Exposure
SCUBA dives at various depths (33, 66, 99, 150, and 200 ftsw) breathing different gas mixtures (air, nitrox and trimix)
C
Comparator
Baseline depth at sea level
O
Outcome
Cardiac autonomic nervous system (ANS) behavior assessed via ECG (Principal dynamic mode analysis, RMSSD, HR)surrogate

Main Result

Absolute Event Rate: 84.17% vs 99.51%

p-value: p=<0.05

SCUBA diving induces depth- and duration-dependent increases in parasympathetic tone, with deep dives (150-200 ft) additionally increasing sympathetic dynamics.

Limitations

  • Small sample size
  • Variation in temperature with depth could not be controlled

Cite This Study

Noh et al. (2018) conducted an observational in Healthy experienced divers (n=24). SCUBA diving at various depths and gas mixtures vs. Baseline (floating on surface) was evaluated on Heart rate (bpm) at 33 ft depth after 30 minutes (p=<0.05). SCUBA diving at all depths consistently decreased heart rate and increased parasympathetic activity compared to baseline, while deep dives (150 and 200 ft) additionally increased sympathetic dynamics.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a23879755bd20cf6fa5efe2https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.00110
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Depth of SCUBA Diving Affects Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System2024 · 1 citations
  2. 2Heart rate profiles and heart rate variability during scuba diving2021 · 15 citations
  3. 3Enhancing Safety in Hyperbaric Environments through Analysis of Autonomic Nervous System Responses: A Comparison of Dry and Humid Conditions2023 · 1 citations
  4. 4Hyperbaric effects on heart rate in professional SCUBA divers in thermal water2024 · 5 citations
  5. 5Assessment of a dive incident using heart rate variability2020 · 4 citations