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Integration of spatial–temporal data characterized by multidomain terrestrial, maritime and atmospheric storage structure—which are organized, accessible, consistent and reliable—is essential to efficiently support decision-making processes. Such integration promotes growth, flexibility, and comprehensive use of diverse data enabling applications such as scenario analysis, territorial planning, and even understanding of the Earth-System. Despite its importance, the integration of spatial–temporal data—whether related or unrelated, dynamic or wide-ranging—remains a challenge, considering the need for a data model that accommodates the multidimensionality and heterogeneity of this data. We propose a graph-based approach to optimize the storage, retrieval, management, and integration of this data. This approach addresses the main challenges of data integration by presenting conceptual and logical models for a graph-oriented database centered on time and space, and demonstrating its implementation through a military simulation. To assess its applicability, recovery queries tailored to operational needs were performed. The results demonstrate evidence that graph-based data management offers high scalability and flexibility, while requiring minimal maintenance and computer resources. Overall, the proposed approach serves as a valuable reference for developers working on the integration of multi-domain spatial–temporal data from diverse sources.
Silva et al. (Thu,) studied this question.