A comprehensive analysis and visualization of immune-related adverse events in lung cancer immunotherapy a bibliometric study

BACKGROUND: Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) significantly impact the therapeutic efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in lung cancer. However, a comprehensive understanding of the global research landscape and its evolution regarding irAEs is still lacking. METHODS: We conducted a bibliometric analysis of 6787 publications from the Web of Science Core Collection (2015-2024) via CiteSpace and the R-bibliometrix package. The analyses included cocitation, coauthorship, and keyword burst detection to map collaborative networks, knowledge structure, and research trends. RESULTS: Research output demonstrated a remarkable compound annual growth rate of 30.4%. INSERM (France) and US institutions appeared as central hubs in collaborative networks, whereas China-despite its high publication volume-showed more limited international integration, suggesting a productivity‑influence mismatch. The knowledge base comprises three clusters: clinical evidence, translational research, and fundamental immunology. Research themes evolved from initial tumor-agnostic safety reports to a focus on organ-specific irAEs and precision toxicology. CONCLUSION: This study delineates the rapidly evolving landscape of irAE research in lung cancer immunotherapy, highlighting key collaborative patterns, knowledge structures, and thematic shifts. The findings provide a foundational perspective for guiding future research directions.