Research progress on the association between lymphoid hyperplasia and intussusception in the terminal ileum of children

Lymphoid tissue hyperplasia in the ileocecal region of children is an important pathological factor associated with intussusception, and its mechanism involves multisystem interactions. The ileocecal region is a rich area of immune tissues in the infant intestinal tract. Under the influence of factors such as viral infection and inflammatory stimulation, lymphoid tissue can undergo reactive hyperplasia, resulting in changes in the morphology and biomechanical properties of the intestinal wall, which may become the initiating and promoting factors for intussusception. This article reviews the anatomical and physiological basis of ileocecal lymphoid tissue hyperplasia, its association with inducing factors such as infection, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, and treatment plans. In addition, frontier research directions are discussed, along with their potential value and challenges in clinical application. The aim of this article is to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for early clinical diagnosis and personalized precise treatment.