From Vulnerability to Invisible Infrastructure: A Scoping Review of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) in Disasters for Super-Aging Society

220 words, max 250) Disaster risk reduction (DRR) strategies often rely on national-level resilience indicators to evaluate their effectiveness.Yet, the adaptation of individual human resilience into DRR remains limited, particularly in the era of super-aging societies.This scoping review evaluates the utility of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) as a wellestablished quantitative, predictive indicator of human resilience, with a focus on its application in older populations across disaster contexts.A thematic synthesis of 25included studies revealed a provider-centric hegemony, in which studies are concentrated on the occupational sustainability of healthcare professionals in disasters (n=12) while neglecting the proactive assets of aging populations (n=1).Furthermore, a 96% reactive bias was identified, with the scale used almost exclusively for retrospective assessment (n=24) rather than pre-disaster assessment (n=1).This review identifies the systemic oversights as a critical gap between macro-socioeconomic indicators and individual psychological reality.Consequently, current DRR systems assume societal resilience while underestimating the resilience capacity of older adults.To make inclusive policy into practice, disaster risk governance needs a paradigm shift from a provision-based to an asset-based model.In a super-aging society, it is imperative to quantify individual human resilience as invisible infrastructure, essential hidden load-bearing resources, for strengthening the coping capacity of individuals and the community.Further studies on the validity of the CD-RISC for pre-disaster assessment as a proactive tool are necessary to map the bases of human resilience before a disaster occurs.