Effect of Anomalies in Circulation Flows on the Vortex Dynamics in a Rotating Annular Pool Based on the Model of Shallow Water Equations

Numerical experiments have been performed with the introduction of anomalies into the axisymmetric distribution of the velocity field generated by sources and sinks in a rotating circular channel with an inclined bottom (to simulate the β effect). The anomalies can be interpreted, on the one hand, as the influence of permanent centers of action (CAs)—zones of predominantly anticyclonic or cyclonic circulations—and, on the other, as a change in the intensity of the subtropical Hadley cell, which is accompanied by a weakening or strengthening of the trade winds in some sector of the near-equatorial atmospheric circulation and changes in the westerly transport in the middle latitudes. When simulating the influence of CAs, an effect of changing the circulation directions and the number of eddies was detected with an increase in the CA power above some critical values; here, small changes in the CA power lead to a reversal of the flow. Sectoral changes in the intensity of the external force effect in a certain range of values have an inhibitory effect on the speed of anticyclones passing through the channel (blocking). In this case, a significant part of the moving anticyclones may disappear or practically stop, or new quasi-stationary anticyclones may arise, although there are no noticeable changes in the visible picture of eddy propagation in the channel in the sector in which external intervention was carried out. The influence of the intensity of the external force action on the dynamics of eddy motion is also studied, in particular, when the movement of cyclones and anticyclones in the channel completely stops.