Effects of a family collaboration care model on disease perception, self-management, and quality of life in elderly patients with multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis: a retrospective study

Objective This retrospective study evaluated the impact of a family collaboration care model on disease perception, self-management, and quality of life among elderly patients with multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Methods A retrospective study was conducted on elderly patients diagnosed with MDR-TB at Henan Provincial Chest Hospital between January 2022 and December 2024. Based on nursing records, patients were classified into a standard care group and a family collaboration care group. Disease perception, self-management ability, and quality of life were assessed using the BIPQ, AHSMSRS, and WHOQOL-BREF, respectively. The partial eta-squared, Cohen’s d, and Hedges’ g were used to evaluate effect size. Results A total of 57 elderly patients (45 males, 12 females) were included, with 30 in the standard care group and 27 in the family collaboration care group. Compared with the standard care group, the family collaboration care group had significantly lower total disease perception scores (33.44 ± 4.82 vs. 40.97 ± 7.10, p < 0.001), higher self-management scores (131.85 ± 13.97 vs. 108.13 ± 11.29, p < 0.001), and higher quality-of-life scores ( p < 0.001 for all domains). Effect sizes were large for disease perception (Hedges’ g = −1.211), self-management ability (Hedges’ g = 1.856), and quality of life (Hedges’ g = 2.496). Conclusion Family collaboration care may be associated with better disease perception, improved self-management ability, and enhanced quality of life among elderly patients with MDR-TB. This model may serve as a practical approach for optimizing nursing management in MDR-TB care, although its effectiveness warrants further validation in future studies.