What does this research mean for the field?

Combined exposure to PM2.5 and ozone increases the risk of emergency ambulance dispatches, particularly among the elderly, but achieving stringent WHO air quality targets significantly mitigates these acute health impacts. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.INCREMENTAL. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

What question did this study set out to answer?

This study aims to quantify the short-term associations between daily PM 2.5 and O 3 exposure and emergency ambulance dispatches in urban Taiwan.

June 6, 2026Aerosol and Air Quality ResearchOpen Access

Combined Effects of Fine Particulate Matter and Ozone on Emergency Ambulance Dispatches in Southern Taiwan

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Authors

LSLailatus SiamiChung Yuan Christian University ASAyushi SharmaCentral University of Punjab HHHsi-yu HsiaoChung Yuan Christian University

Discussion

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Implication

Population-based analysis quantifies pollution impacts on emergency medical dispatches, highlighting health risks for vulnerable groups.

Key Points

This study aims to quantify the short-term associations between daily PM 2.5 and O 3 exposure and emergency ambulance dispatches in urban Taiwan.
Conducted a population-based time-series analysis of 366,332 emergency ambulance dispatches from April 2013 to May 2019 in Tainan and Kaohsiung.
Estimated relative risks and confidence intervals using a distributed lag non-linear model while controlling for meteorological factors.
Focused on the combined effects of PM 2.5 and O 3 in relation to World Health Organization air quality standards.
At a PM 2.5 level of 75 µg m⁻ 3, the relative risk for EADs was 1.29 (95% CI: 1.12–1.48) in Tainan and 1.13 (95% CI: 1.01–1.27) in Kaohsiung.
The relative risk for combined PM 2.5 – O 3 exposure was 1.22 (95% CI: 1.06–1.40) in Tainan and 1.13 (95% CI: 0.99–1.29) in Kaohsiung.
Overall, achieving WHO air quality targets was linked to reduced risks across emergency dispatch categories, especially for pre-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest among the elderly.

Cite This Study

Siami et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a23b9f271a5da9775e75b62 https://doi.org/10.1007/s44408-026-00143-0

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June 6, 2026Aerosol and Air Quality ResearchOpen Access

Combined Effects of Fine Particulate Matter and Ozone on Emergency Ambulance Dispatches in Southern Taiwan

View Full Paper

Ask AI

Bookmark

Authors

LSLailatus SiamiChung Yuan Christian University ASAyushi SharmaCentral University of Punjab HHHsi-yu HsiaoChung Yuan Christian University

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Population-based analysis quantifies pollution impacts on emergency medical dispatches, highlighting health risks for vulnerable groups.

Key Points

This study aims to quantify the short-term associations between daily PM 2.5 and O 3 exposure and emergency ambulance dispatches in urban Taiwan.
Conducted a population-based time-series analysis of 366,332 emergency ambulance dispatches from April 2013 to May 2019 in Tainan and Kaohsiung.
Estimated relative risks and confidence intervals using a distributed lag non-linear model while controlling for meteorological factors.
Focused on the combined effects of PM 2.5 and O 3 in relation to World Health Organization air quality standards.
At a PM 2.5 level of 75 µg m⁻ 3, the relative risk for EADs was 1.29 (95% CI: 1.12–1.48) in Tainan and 1.13 (95% CI: 1.01–1.27) in Kaohsiung.
The relative risk for combined PM 2.5 – O 3 exposure was 1.22 (95% CI: 1.06–1.40) in Tainan and 1.13 (95% CI: 0.99–1.29) in Kaohsiung.
Overall, achieving WHO air quality targets was linked to reduced risks across emergency dispatch categories, especially for pre-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest among the elderly.

Cite This Study

Siami et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a23b9f271a5da9775e75b62 https://doi.org/10.1007/s44408-026-00143-0

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