Amphibian‐Derived Peptide OA‐AL14 Alleviates UVB‐Induced Skin Photoaging via Autophagy Activation Mediated by the AMPK/mTOR Pathway

Skin photoaging, primarily driven by ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation, is a complex process involving oxidative stress and autophagic dysfunction, for which effective therapeutic options remain limited. Here, we identified a novel peptide, OA‐AL14 (ALFWPMKKPWPESC), from the skin secretions of the frog Odorrana andersonii Boulenger, 1882, and investigated its protective effects against UVB‐induced photoaging. OA‐AL14 exhibited excellent biocompatibility and potent antioxidant activity in vitro . In a UVB‐irradiated mouse model, topical application of OA‐AL14 significantly ameliorated key features of photoaging, including erythema, pigmentation, epidermal hyperplasia, and barrier disruption. Mechanistically, OA‐AL14 activated the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway and restored cellular redox balance. Furthermore, transcriptomic and biochemical analyses revealed that OA‐AL14 induced protective autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Inhibition of autophagy partially abrogated its protective effects, confirming the functional relevance of this mechanism. These findings establish OA‐AL14 as a promising multifunctional candidate for treating skin photoaging by integrating antioxidant defense and autophagy activation.