(110) Congenital Penile Curvature Is Associated with Larger Penile Dimensions: A Matched Case–Control Study

Introduction Congenital penile curvature (CPC) is a rare developmental anomaly of the tunica albuginea characterized by ventral, dorsal, or lateral deviation of the penile shaft in the absence of fibrotic plaques. Although clinicians have long observed that men with CPC often appear to have larger penile dimensions, this association has never been objectively validated. Establishing whether CPC is linked to increased penile size could refine the morphometric characterization of this condition, improve preoperative counseling, and contribute to the standardization of normative penile measurement references. Objective To investigate whether men with CPC exhibit greater stretched penile length (SPL) and mid-shaft penile circumference compared with anthropometrically matched controls. Methods A retrospective matched case–control study was conducted including men with lifelong penile curvature of ≥30° without any evidence of plaques, fibrosis, or previous penile trauma. Diagnosis was confirmed through standardized assessment using either pharmacologically induced erection or self-photography following the Kelami method. Each CPC case was individually matched (1:2) with controls according to age (±2 years), height (±3 cm), and body mass index (±2 kg/m2). SPL and mid-shaft circumference were measured under standardized conditions by trained examiners. Within-triplet differences were analyzed using paired t-tests or Wilcoxon signed-rank tests as appropriate, and a p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 50 men with CPC and 100 matched controls were included in the final analysis. Matching achieved satisfactory balance across anthropometric parameters (all standardized mean differences <0.10). Men with CPC demonstrated significantly greater SPL (mean within-set difference 1.82 cm; 95% CI 1.48–2.16; p <0.001) and mid-shaft circumference (0.72 cm; 95% CI 0.48–0.96; p <0.001) than controls. Furthermore, the difference in penile length increased with curvature severity, ranging from 1.65 cm in curvatures <45° to 1.96 cm in curvatures ≥45°, suggesting a positive gradient between curvature angle and penile dimensions. Conclusions Men with congenital penile curvature present significantly larger penile dimensions compared with matched controls, with approximately 1.8 cm longer stretched penile length and 0.7 cm greater mid-shaft circumference. These findings provide the first objective evidence supporting the concept of CPC as a distinct morphometric phenotype. Clinically, the results underscore the importance of considering curvature status when counseling patients and when defining reference standards for penile measurements. Disclosure No