A Study on the Correlation between Metabolic Syndrome and Proteinuria in Chronic Kidney Disease.

INTRODUCTION: To assess the frequency of metabolic syndrome (MS) and its association with proteinuria in patients with chronickidney disease (CKD). METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 386 CKD patients from June 2022 to June 2023. Prevalence of MS was calculated, clinical characteristics of CKD patients with and without MS were compared, and multivariable logistic regression was performed to estimate associations between the components of MS with the categories of proteinuria. RESULTS: The prevalence of MS was 24.9% among the 386 CKD patients. Patients with MS had greater 24-h urinary protein excretion and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) compared to patients without MS (P < .05). The proportion of patients withMS increased across proteinuria strata: mild (< 1.0 g/day) 14.4%, moderate (1.0 to 3.5 g/day) 35.2%, and severe (≥ 3.5 g/day) 49.0% (P < .05). In adjusted models, increased postprandial blood glucose (PBG), hypertension, and the ratio of triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) were independent associations with increased burden of proteinuria. CONCLUSION: Metabolic syndrome was independently associated with increased proteinuria burden in CKD. Early recognition and treatment of metabolic risk factors, especially dysglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, may help to promote renal protection and improve overall patient health.