Magnitude of Metabolic Syndrome and its Associated Factors among Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: Laboratory-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Northwest Ethiopia

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a noncommunicable disorder that causes a progressive decline in kidney function, leading to complications such as metabolic disorders that can increase the risk of heart diseases.Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a significant global health issue characterized by a combination of factors like high blood pressure, central obesity, abnormal lipid levels, and elevated blood sugar levels.As such, this research conducted in Northwest Ethiopia sought to determine the prevalence of MetS and its related factors among CKD patients within the Ethiopian population.Method: An institutional cross-sectional study was carried out at the renal clinic in FHCRH located in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.Data collection was done through face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire.Blood pressure and anthropometric parameters were measured following standard procedures.Approximately 5 ml of serum was exploited for analyzing lipid profiles and fasting blood glucose levels using an automated chemistry analyzer.Statistical analysis of all data was conducted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 25.A significance level of P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Result: A total of one hundred CKD patients participated in the study, resulting in a response rate of 100%.The findings indicated that approximately 16.1% (95% CI: 8.02-27.67) of males and 21.1% (95% CI: 9.55-37.32) of females were found to have MetS, with an overall prevalence of around 18% (95% CI: 11.03-26.95).Analysis of the individual components of MetS revealed that most components were more prevalent in females, except for elevated fasting blood glucose, which was higher among males.The most common component among all participants was increased waist circumference (21%), while elevated triglycerides had the lowest prevalence at 14%. Conclusion:In conclusion, this study underscores the significant prevalence of MetS among CKD patients in Northwest Ethiopia.It emphasizes the critical need for early detection, prevention, and effective management strategies for MetS in CKD patients, particularly those with a family history of these conditions and older age.