Auxiliary quantitative methods for the selection of preoperative surgical plans for Aortic and pulmonary septal defects

Cardiovascular diseases seriously threaten human life and health, among which congenital heart disease is a common congenital defect. Aortic and pulmonary septal defects (APSD), as a rare congenital cardiac vascular malformation, has a low incidence but serious clinical consequences. Surgery is an important treatment for this disease. At present, surgical methods such as direct ligation, patch method, cut patch method and catheter occlusion method have been formed. At present, the surgical mortality of this disease is still high, and how to reduce the surgical mortality has become an urgent problem to be solved. Based on the CT image data of the patient, before the surgical treatment of APSD, the postoperative vascular structure of the patient with different surgical plans was simulated by using the numerical simulation method, and the postoperative aorta and pulmonary artery parameters under the four surgical plans were quantified. In the first surgical plan, both aorta and pulmonary arteries were ligated directly. The second surgical plan is to ligate the aorta directly and repair the pulmonary artery with artificial patch. In the third surgical plan, the aorta was repaired with the pulmonary artery wall and the pulmonary artery was sutured directly. In the last surgical plan, the aorta is repaired with the pulmonary artery wall and the pulmonary artery is repaired with an artificial patch. The results showed that the postoperative results of different surgical plans were significantly different. The maximum percentage change of pulmonary artery volume after the four surgical plans ranged from 59.9% to 106.67.The simulation results of the patient in this paper showed that the patient achieved the best effect by undergoing the fourth surgical plan, with a volume change of 98.41% to 110.52% for the aorta and 83.61% to 107.99% for the pulmonary artery. The simulated postoperative vascular structure method provided in this paper can quantitatively evaluate different surgical plans for APSD before surgery. It provides a quantitative contrast approach for doctors to select the appropriate surgical plan before operation.