Neutropenic Colitis

Neutropenic colitis is an uncommon but life-threatening complication that occurs in patients receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy, particularly for hematologic malignancies. Early recognition of symptoms, such as abdominal pain, fever, and diarrhea, is critical. Prompt diagnostic imaging plays a pivotal role in confirming the diagnosis and excluding other potential causes of abdominal symptoms. Early detection enables the timely initiation of appropriate treatment, including broad-spectrum antibiotics and supportive care, which is essential to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with this condition. It is identified clinically or radiographically.