The Impact of Training Investment on Organizational Culture and Perceived ESG Implementation Level Perceptions: A Study of Korean SMEs

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Key Points

This study aims to empirically analyze how training investment affects organizational culture and perceived ESG implementation levels among SMEs.
241 South Korean SMEs participated through an online survey.
Theoretical frameworks such as social exchange theory and organizational learning theory were examined.
AMOS, SPSS, and SPSS PROCESS macro were utilized for hypothesis testing.
Training investment positively impacts organizational culture (p<0.05).
Organizational culture significantly influences perceived ESG implementation levels (p<0.05).
Training investment shows a positive direct effect on perceived ESG levels when controlling for organizational culture, and an indirect effect through organizational culture is statistically significant.

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Reveals the influence of training investment on organizational culture and ESG perceptions in SMEs, suggesting strategic HRD implications.

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Seong-Jun Jeon (2026) studied this question.

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