Biomedical Application of Nanoclay Incorporated Alginate-based Nanocomposite Scaffolds: A review

The design and fabrication of scaffolds have become a controversial topic today. Due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability, nanocomposite scaffolds based on alginate are considered promising biomaterials with a wide range of biomedical applications. However, their exclusive applications face some challenges due to specific weaknesses and limitations. The incorporation of clays such as halloysite, laponite, montmorillonite, kaolinite, and bentonite significantly improves the mechanical, biological, rheological, and bioactive properties, as well as the drug-loading capacity. In this review, the properties and structures of different nanoclays and the synergistic effects of these with alginate in wound healing, tissue regeneration, targeted drug delivery, and cancer therapy are discussed. The design of injectable shearthinning hydrogels is also discussed, as are emerging trends. In conclusion, the combination of alginate and nanoclays provides a promising perspective for the design of new and multifunctional biomaterials.