Chronic Granulomatous Disease

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is an inherited immunodeficiency that typically presents in early childhood due to defects in the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase complex, impairing phagocytic cell function and predisposing patients to recurrent bacterial and fungal infections. Imaging plays a critical role not only in diagnosing CGD but also in guiding treatment interventions, such as image-guided drainage of abscesses and biopsy of infected sites. Common imaging findings include lung consolidation, liver abscesses, lymphadenopathy, osteomyelitis, central nervous system, and gastrointestinal involvement. With early diagnosis, lifelong prophylactic therapy, and advances in treatment, many patients with CGD now survive well into adulthood.