Key result
Guanethidine sympathectomy reduces blood glucose ~21% in diabetic rats.
Why the study?
Diabetes mellitus is associated with autonomic and sympathetic nervous system dysfunction, but the interaction between diabetes and the sympathetic nervous system on organ catecholamine levels needed analysis.
Does sympathectomy with guanethidine alter catecholamine levels in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model?
Does sympathectomy with guanethidine alter catecholamine levels in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model?
p-value: p=<0.05
Sympathectomy with guanethidine alters catecholamine levels across multiple organs and contributes to decreased blood glucose in a diabetic rat model.
May support sympathetic modulation for glycemic control in diabetes; leaves open translation from rat models to patients.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder whose prevalence has continuously increased worldwide and is associated with dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system and, in particular, that of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). The objective of this study was to analyze the interaction of DM and the SNS, building a model of sympathectomized diabetic rats to determine alterations in the content of CA (catecholamines) in different intra-abdominal organs. Sympathectomy was conducted with guanethidine (GNT). Additionally, DM was induced with STZ (Streptozotocin). Treatment with GNT decreased norepinephrine (NE) content in all analyzed tissues, with significant differences found in the paraganglia, liver, pancreas, duodenum, and heart compared to the control group. With respect to epinephrine (E), which was only found in the liver, pancreas, and heart, presenting significant differences (p < 0.05) in the heart, a decrease in its concentration was observed for all of the experimental groups with respect to the control. The decrease in dopamine (DA) content due to the GNT−STZ treatment was 30.1% in the heart with respect to the diabetic (STZ) group. The amount of CA in the adrenal medulla indicates the effect of sympathectomy on the GNT group where there was a significant reduction (p < 0.05) of DA. These findings suggest that the elimination of the sympathetic nervous system in diabetic organisms contributed to a decrease in blood glucose; likewise, an alteration in the levels of CA was observed in the different selected organs, possibly attributed to the severity, duration, and pathogenesis of the complications of acute and chronic DM.
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Pérez-Juárez et al. (2022) studied Streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus (n=24). Guanethidine (GNT) sympathectomy vs. Control (citrate buffer) or Streptozotocin alone was evaluated on Catecholamine (norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine) levels in intra-abdominal organs and blood glucose concentrations (p=<0.05). Chemical sympathectomy with guanethidine in diabetic rats significantly decreased norepinephrine content across intra-abdominal organs and reduced blood glucose by 20.6% compared to diabetic controls.
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