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The dynamic management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and related obstructive airway diseases, such as asthma, demands respiratory monitoring technologies that combine high spatiotemporal resolution, long-term stability, and broad applicability. Yet current approaches, including bulky clinical systems, thoracoabdominal strain sensors prone to motion artifacts, and hydrogel-based airflow sensors susceptible to drift from solvent evaporation, fall short of these requirements in terms of portability, robustness against interference, and durability. Here, we report a porous graphene-based foam sensor that decouples strain-temperature to achieve simultaneous, crosstalk-free detection of deformation and airflow temperature without complex signal processing. The foam sensor maintains high mechanical and thermoelectric stability after 15,000 cyclic compression at 80% strain. Using the produced thermoelectric signal, we define a novel small airway obstruction index (SAOI) that provides individualized early warning of COPD acute exacerbation risk, enabling timely, real-time adjustment of treatment regimens.
Shi et al. (Fri,) studied this question.