In the hydroacoustic environment, high-resolution orientation estimation algorithms for sound source localisation are highly sensitive to array errors. How to accurately calibrate the array error has been a major problem in practical engineering. In this paper, we study the underwater array gain and phase error calibration technique for uniform planar arrays, and propose a PTSI-MAP self-calibration method based on an efficient TSI three-step iterative algorithm. In order to verify the proposed algorithm, the embedded software of the array error calibration system based on the TMS320C6678 processor is designed, and the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in the actual underwater environment are proved through pool experiments.
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Gao et al. (2025) studied this question.
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