Development of a physical therapy programme for patients after hip arthroplasty due to coxarthrosis

The relevance of the study was determined by the increasing number of patients with coxarthrosis who require hip arthroplasty, as well as the need to develop effective rehabilitation programmes to improve their quality of life. The aim of the study was to justify and implement an individualised physical therapy programme that provides for the gradual restoration of musculoskeletal function after hip arthroplasty. The article presents the results of the application of a comprehensive physical therapy programme, which included early, intermediate, late and long-term stages, adapted to the functional status of patients. The programme was based on a combination of therapeutic gymnastics, exercises for developing coordination, balance, and endurance, elements of breathing exercises, the gradual expansion of mobility levels, and psychological support. Its distinctive feature was a staged approach with a gradual increase in load, as well as the possibility of integrating inpatient, outpatient, and remote rehabilitation formats. The evaluation of results was carried out using the six-minute walk test, questionnaires to determine pain levels and functional limitations, quality of life surveys according to international scales, measurements of maximal oxygen consumption, determination of the anaerobic threshold, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. The results confirmed a significant improvement in physical and psycho-emotional indicators, a reduction in pain, an increase in functional activity, and adherence to therapy. Anaerobic threshold indicators, which reflect the patient’s ability to perform prolonged physical activity without increasing fatigue, improved in patients in the experimental group to 11.5 mL/kg/min. This is 1.6 mL/kg/min more than before the start of therapy and almost 1.5 mL/kg/min more than in the control group, where the increase was only 0.4 mL/kg/min. The proposed programme demonstrated clinical efficacy, economic feasibility and the promise of standardisation as a model for physical therapists’ practice, in line with current trends in evidence-based rehabilitation