A Comprehensive Review of Mechanical and Durability Enhancements in Fiber‐Reinforced Lightweight and Geopolymer Concrete via Microsilica Integration

This review synthesizes reported evidence indicating that the combined incorporation of glass fibers and microsilica in geopolymer concrete yields compressive strength improvements typically in the range of 15%–35%, with tensile and flexural strength gains of approximately 20%–50%, alongside reductions in chloride penetration depth of about 10%–30% and enhanced resistance to sulfate and acid attack. These findings establish the effectiveness of such hybrid modifications in improving both mechanical performance and durability. Geopolymer concrete is increasingly considered a viable alternative to ordinary Portland cement systems due to its lower environmental impact and favorable long‐term behavior. The review further evaluates the performance of fiber‐reinforced geopolymer composites under aggressive environments, including sulfate, chloride, and acidic exposures relevant to wastewater and marine infrastructure. Durability mechanisms are strongly influenced by calcium content and binder composition, which govern resistance to chemical degradation. Comparative observations indicate minimal expansion in fly ash–based systems under sulfate exposure, whereas conventional cement systems exhibit measurable dimensional instability. The role of fibers in controlling crack propagation and maintaining structural integrity under chemical attack is critically discussed. Finally, key research gaps are identified, particularly concerning long‐term field performance and optimization of hybrid fiber–microsilica systems for enhanced durability.