Evaluation of the Suitability of Streets in Responding to Children’s Recreational Needs Using the Afredness Theoretical Framework: A Case Study of Selected Streets in Kerman

Background and Objectives: Urban streets serve as essential spaces for children’s play, social interaction, and environmental learning. However, urban designers and planners often overlook the recreational needs of children, particularly in Iranian cities. The aim of this research is to assess the viability of streets for children aged 5 to 12 years. Methods: This study employs a mixed-methods approach, utilizing both qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative data were collected through children’s drawings and semi-structured interviews to identify children’s perceptions of street elements and opportunities for play and interaction. Quantitative data were analyzed using multilevel regression and structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine the relationship between environmental components and children’s recreational experiences. Findings: The findings indicate that sidewalk width, small green spaces, diversity of storefronts, reduced vehicle speed, and parents’ sense of security significantly affect children’s play and interaction experiences. Conclusion: The analysis of findings, aligned with Gibson’s affordance theory, emphasizes that streets must provide practical and accessible opportunities for free movement, creativity, and social interaction for children. This research offers practical guidelines for designing child-centric streets and provides a scientific framework for developing inclusive and sustainable urban environments for children.