Patterns of non-pharmacological treatment utilization in patients with chronic low back pain referred for interventional pain management

Aims: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) remains one of the leading contributors to years lived with disability globally, and guideline-based care increasingly emphasizes non-pharmacological treatments (NPTs) as first-line management. This study aimed to characterize real-world patterns of NPT utilization before tertiary pain-clinic presentation in patients with CLBP and to examine associated treatment perceptions and barriers. Methods: This single-center, cross-sectional analytical study enrolled 150 consecutive adults with chronic low back and/or leg pain. Data were collected by pain specialists using a structured clinical form covering sociodemographic characteristics, pain characteristics, prior NPT exposure, treatment continuity, Global Perceived Effect (GPE), and barriers to care. Descriptive statistics and appropriate comparative tests were used for analysis, with statistical significance defined as p