Carbon-based nanomaterials as cutting fluid additives: A review

Metalworking fluids are commonly used in the machining processes of diverse equipment components to provide cooling, cleaning, rust prevention, and lubrication. The incorporation of cutting fluid additives further enhances their performance. In recent years, carbon-based nanomaterials have attracted attention as environmentally friendly additives for cutting fluids. This work reviews the research progress on carbon-based nanomaterials as cutting fluid additives, analyzes the effects of factors such as the dispersibility of carbon-based nanomaterials, cutting fluid types, and cutting parameters on machining performance, and discusses the friction reduction and anti-wear mechanisms of carbon-based nanomaterials. Finally, current challenges and future prospects for carbon-based cutting fluid additives are outlined. This review aims to provide guidance and references for achieving efficient and environmentally friendly machining of difficult-to-process materials.