Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Red cell alloimmunization poses a significant challenge in transfusion medicine due to its potential to cause hemolytic transfusion reactions and complications in patient care. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, distribution, and specificities of red cell alloantibodies among healthy volunteer blood donors in Northwestern India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted from January 2016 to December 2023. Data from healthy volunteer blood donors were analyzed to assess trends in donor demographics, blood group distribution, and antibody screening outcomes. Blood samples were screened for antibodies using appropriate methods and technology and donors were subjected to antibody identification when necessary. RESULTS: The total number of donors decreased from 2016 to 2020, with a subsequent recovery in 2021–2023. Male donors consistently outnumbered female donors across all years. Blood group B + and O + were the most common, while the Bombay blood group remained rare. The prevalence of red cell alloimmunization was relatively low, with Anti-M being the most frequently identified alloantibody. Other specificities, such as Anti-K, Anti-D, and Anti-E, were also detected. CONCLUSION: The study highlights the importance of continuous monitoring and vigilance in red cell alloimmunization rates among blood donors to inform transfusion strategies and improve donor selection protocols. Understanding the prevalence and specificities of alloantibodies can lead to targeted interventions for enhancing transfusion safety and patient outcomes. Continued research and collaboration are essential for advancing transfusion medicine and providing safe, effective blood products.
Yadav et al. (Tue,) studied this question.
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