Impact of Urban Green Space Landscape Pattern on PM ₁₀ in Asansol and Durgapur Municipal Corporation

Rapid urbanization degrades natural landscapes, such as Urban Green Spaces (UGS) and increases air pollutants. The degraded UGS cannot effectively reduce air pollutants. In the major industrial cities of eastern India, the Asansol Municipal Corporation (AMC) and the Durgapur Municipal Corporation (DMC), rapid urbanization and industrialization have led to the deterioration of UGS, resulting in poor air quality. Considering the fact, the study aims (i) to quantify the spatial patterns, such as the composition and configuration of UGS, (ii) to examine the impact of the landscape pattern of UGS on PM 10 levels, and (iii) to assess how UGS mitigate different aspects at the neighborhood scale in AMC and DMC. The study applied Landsat 8 OLI imagery and PM 10 data of 2021. Six landscape metrics of UGS are used: PLAND_V (Percentage of Landscape_UGS), LPI (Landscape Patching Index), Area_AM (Area Weighted Mean), PD (Patch Density), COHESION, and ED (Edge Density). Besides, one built‐up area landscape metric, that is, PLAND_B (Percentage of Landscape_builtup) are used. These are calculated around seven monitoring stations within buffer zones of 500, 1000, and 1500 meters. Pearson's correlation coefficient and the Stepwise Multiple Linear Regression (SMLR) techniques are used to examine the effects on PM 10 levels. Subsequently, the study exhibited that COHESION and PLAND_V at 500‐m Buffer, and PLAND_B at 1000‐m Buffer in January are qualified for the final model, and the SMLR ( R = 0.994) indicated that these three predictors have mostly influenced PM 10 levels. Moreover, the study also observed that the UGS is 14.97% in AMC and 23.26% in DMC. All UGS composition metrics, including PLAND_V, LPI, and Area_AM, show a significant negative correlation with PM 10 across nearly all seasons within the 500meter buffer. Moreover, UGS are most impactful within a 500meter buffer. Whereas, the relationships between UGS and PM 10 are more localized and variable at the 1000 and 1500meter buffers, with significant effects primarily during wet summer months. The research aims to guide urban planning and policy initiatives that focus on the landscape pattern of UGS to improve residents’ quality of life and promote healthier and sustainable cities.