Green-fabricated CoFe ₂ O ₄ /Ag nanocomposites as magnetic hyperthermia agents

CoFe2O4/Ag nanocomposites were synthesised via a green fabrication approach using Moringa oleifera extract as a reducing and stabilising agent for potential magnetic hyperthermia applications. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed a crystallite size of 14.42 nm, while transmission electron microscopy revealed particle sizes of 22.5 nm. FTIR spectra indicated the presence of Ag-related functional groups at 1691 cm−1. The nanocomposites exhibited ferrimagnetic behaviour, with improved dispersibility and reduced agglomeration after Ag modification, as evidenced by zeta potential values of −21.29 mV (CoFe2O4) and −43.04 mV (CoFe2O4/Ag). The specific absorption rate (SAR) reached 0.64 W/g at 100 Oe and 0.67 W/g at 150 Oe (20 kHz). However, these values remain relatively low compared to previously reported CoFe2O4-based systems. This indicates that further optimisation is required. Therefore, the current system demonstrates proof-of-concept behaviour rather than immediate clinical applicability.