Incidence and lung cancer probability of new nodules in the UK lung screening trial

BACKGROUND: New nodules detected during lung cancer screening follow-up have a higher average malignancy risk than same-size baseline nodules. We aimed to characterize the incidence and malignancy risk of new nodules in the UK Lung Cancer Screening Trial (UKLS). METHODS: ) were analysed. Lung cancer diagnoses were confirmed by histology. RESULTS: : 2.0% (0.0-11.7) for ≥ 100 days, 18.8% (5.8-43.8) for 50-100 days, and 33.3% (5.6-79.8) for < 50 days. CONCLUSION: New solid nodules at 12-month screening carry higher risk than short-term, and we validate 30mm³ as the critical volume threshold requiring at least further surveillance.