Serum Level of IL-4 and IL-13 and Their Association with Disease Pathogenesis in Patients with Eczema

Background: As the most common chronic skin illness with a genetic foundation, eczema is an inflammatory skin condition driven by cytokines. People with AD suffer from a significant burden that affects their physical, mental, social, and financial well-being. The cytokines are important in eczema disease. Interleukins regulate immunity. Lack impairs immunity or causes autoimmune disorders. Objectives: This study is aiming to investigate whether inflammatory cytokine (IL-4, IL-13) levels in the blood correlate with eczema disorder. Methods: This case-control study is based on 60 patients who have been diagnosed with eczema disorder with a 60-person apparently healthy control group. 4 ml of blood samples have been collected from each individual by using a sterile syringe under aseptic conditions and collected in a gel tube for serum separation. The serum levels of IL4 and IL13 IL4,IL13,were measured using the sandwich ELISA method according to the instruction manual. Results: According to the research findings, individuals with eczema disorder had considerably higher levels of IL-4 and IL-13 (P = 0.001). A positive correlation between IL-4 and IL-13 levels has also been demonstrated, which may indicate that these changes play a role in the development of eczema disease. Conclusions: This study established that the levels of IL-4 and IL-13 are strongly related with the risk of eczema in individuals in Diwaniyah Province, Iraq.