Cattaneo—Christov Heat Transport in Maxwell Nanofluid Flow with Variable Electrical Conductivity and Controlled Nanoparticle Flux

This study investigates the steady Maxwell nanofluid flow induced by an exponentially stretching sheet under convective heating conditions while incorporating second-order slip effects. The nanoparticle transport is modelled using a passive control approach for the wall nanoparticle volume fraction. The resulting nonlinear boundary value problem is solved numerically using the MATLAB bvp4c solver. The influence of key governing parameters—such as the local Deborah number, Prandtl number, Biot number, Brownian motion parameter, and thermophoresis parameter—is examined in detail. Benchmark comparisons confirm the accuracy of the present numerical solution. The results indicate that increasing the local Deborah number reduces the fluid velocity, temperature, and nanoparticle concentration. Additionally, higher slip parameters (A, A 2 ) and activation energy parameter (E 1 ) lead to reductions in velocity and concentration while enhancing the fluid temperature. Furthermore, the Biot number (Bi) and temperature difference parameter (A 1 ) are observed to increase both velocity and temperature within the boundary layer.