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Temperature affects the polymerization behavior of dimethacrylate-based materials. This study describes the influence of pre-polymerization temperature and exposure duration on polymerization kinetics of a commercial dental photo-activated composite at the top and at 2-mm depth. We used the temperature-controlled stage of a diamond-attenuated-total-reflectance unit to pre-set composite temperature between 3 degrees and 60 degrees C. Composite was light-exposed by a conventional quartz-tungsten-halogen curing unit for 5, 10, 20, or 40 sec. Real-time conversion, maximum conversion rate (R(p)(max)), time to achieve R(p)(max), and conversion at R(p)(max) were calculated from infrared spectra. Composite pre-warming enhanced maximal polymerization rate and overall monomer conversion (top significantly greater than 2 mm). Time when R(p)(max) occurred did not change with temperature, but occurred sooner at the top than at 2-mm depth. Conversion at R(p)(max) increased with temperature, allowing more of the reaction to occur prior to vitrification than at room temperature.
Daronch et al. (Sun,) studied this question.