Frequency optimization of pulsed magnetic field for microstructure and wear performance of SiC p /Al composites

This study combined experiments and simulation to investigate how pulsed magnetic field frequency (0–10 Hz) affects solidification and wear performance of SiCp/Al composites. The optimal frequency of 2.5 Hz produced the most uniform SiC distribution, refined α-Al grains, and reduced porosity. At 10 Hz, the skin effect caused particle segregation. Simulations revealed that non-uniform Lorentz forces generate symmetric melt vortices, improving thermal homogeneity and mass transfer. Wear tests showed that the 5 Hz treatment lowered the friction coefficient by 21% and reduced the wear scar width by 18%, with a smoother worn surface. These improvements stem from the synergistic effects of uniform particle dispersion, grain refinement, and defect reduction, which enhance matrix load-bearing capacity and anti-wear ability. This work provides theoretical and practical guidance for applying pulsed magnetic fields to control solidification and improve the performance of aluminum matrix composites.