Transcription Factors Snail , OVO-1 , and OVO-2 Regulate Expression of PcCCE7 Associated with Resistance to Spirodiclofen and Abamectin in Panonychus citri

Carboxyl/cholinesterases play important roles in detoxification of exogenous compounds in arthropods. In this study, the carboxylesterase gene PcCCE7 was upregulated in a spirodiclofen- and abamectin-resistant field population (ASR) and after exposure to each acaricide. Silencing PcCCE7 reduced CCE activity and increased the susceptibility of Panonychus citri to two acaricides. Molecular docking showed the stable binding of PcCCE7 to both compounds. In vitro assays confirmed that recombinant PcCCE7 can degrade spirodiclofen and abamectin, although only spirodiclofen metabolites were detected. Dual-luciferase assays revealed that transcription factors Snail, OVO-1, and OVO-2 enhance PcCCE7 promoter activity. These results indicate that Snail, OVO-1, and OVO-2 regulate PcCCE7, which contributes to cross-resistance to spirodiclofen and abamectin, providing valuable information for resistance management in P. citri .