An Artificial Biosynthetic Pathway for l -Cysteine Mimicking 2-Methylcitrate Cycle

), which significantly improved catalytic efficiency toward thio-substrate. Whole-cell biocatalysis using the engineered strain produced 0.63 g/L of l-cysteine with a yield of 0.59 g/g after metabolic optimization, including the deletion of degradation pathways and overexpression of transporters. This work demonstrates an atom-economical strategy for amino acid production and offers a promising synthetic route to alleviate the constraints of traditional fermentation processes.