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June 10, 2026Technology in Cancer Research & TreatmentOpen Access

Neoadjuvant Chemoimmunotherapy versus Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy versus Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Real-World, Three-Arm, Retrospective Cohort Study from the Chinese National Cancer Center

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Authors

LZLong ZhangChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeZZZehang ZhangShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityGZGuochao ZhangChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College

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Implication

Retrospective cohort study compares neoadjuvant treatment outcomes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, suggesting a new strategy.

Key Points

  • This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy, chemoradiotherapy, and chemotherapy alone for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
  • Retrospective analysis of 462 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients treated from 2009 to 2023
  • Compared outcomes of patients receiving neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy, chemoradiotherapy, and chemotherapy alone
  • Primary outcomes included pathological response, survival, and recurrence rates
  • Pathological complete response rate was 29.5% for NCIT, 28.7% for NCRT, and 3.4% for NCT
  • 5-year overall survival rates were 72.5% for NCIT, 55.7% for NCRT, and 60.8% for NCT (p<0.001)
  • Recurrence rates were significantly lower in NCIT (27.0%) compared to NCRT (48.2%) and NCT (44.1%)

Cite This Study

Zhang et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a29012e6f82f25be989d807https://doi.org/10.1177/15330338261459197
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy vs Chemoimmunotherapy for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma2025 · 82 citations
  2. 2Camrelizumab plus chemotherapy versus chemoradiotherapy as neoadjuvant therapy for resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: Phase 2 randomized trial (REVO)2025 · 13 citations
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  4. 4The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Statement: Guidelines for Reporting Observational Studies2007 · 17,954 citations
  5. 5Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Followed by Surgery Versus Surgery Alone for Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Esophagus (NEOCRTEC5010): A Phase III Multicenter, Randomized, Open-Label Clinical Trial2018 · 1,022 citations