Key result
Adipose tissue-derived extracellular vesicles drive obesity-associated inflammatory responses and influence the hallmarks of cancer through altered cargo content.
Why the study?
Adipose tissue and its extracellular vesicles have gained attention as key mediators in tumor microenvironment-linked obesity and cancer, warranting an examination of their influence on the hallmarks of cancer.
This review highlights the emerging role of adipose tissue-derived extracellular vesicles in linking obesity to cancer progression and the tumor microenvironment.
Supports hypothesis of EV-mediated obesity-cancer links; leaves open clinical relevance pending interventional trials.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are crucial elements that sustain the communication between tumor cells and their microenvironment, and have emerged as a widespread mechanism of tumor formation and metastasis. In obesity, the adipose tissue becomes hypertrophic and hyperplastic, triggering increased production of pro-inflammatory adipokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 6, interleukin 1, and leptin. Furthermore, obese adipose tissue undergoes dysregulation in the cargo content of the released EVs, resulting in an increased content of pro-inflammatory proteins, fatty acids, and oncogenic microRNAs. These alterations drive obesity-associated inflammatory responses both locally and systemically. After being ignored for a long time, adipose tissues have recently received considerable attention as a major player in tumor microenvironment-linked obesity and cancer. The role of adipose tissue in the establishment and progression of cancer is reinforced by its high plasticity and inflammatory content. Such a relationship may be established by direct contact between adipocytes and cancer cells within the microenvironment or systemically, via EV-mediated cell-to-cell communication. Here, we highlight cues evidencing the influence of adipose tissue-derived EVs on the hallmarks of cancer, which are critical for tumor malignancy.
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Moraes et al. (2021) conducted a review in Obesity and Cancer. Adipose tissue-derived extracellular vesicles was evaluated. Adipose tissue-derived extracellular vesicles drive obesity-associated inflammatory responses and influence the hallmarks of cancer through altered cargo content.
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