Key points are not available for this paper at this time.
The operating modes of the LLC series resonant converter are analyzed to determine the steady-state operating point and mode boundaries. The three-element LLC series resonant converter is realized by adding an inductor to the basic two-element series resonant converter topology. Unlike the two element series resonant converter, which is limited strictly to step down operation, the LLC converter is capable of both step up and step-down. A wide range of output power is controlled with only a narrow variation in operating frequency. In addition, zero-voltage switching can be achieved over the entire operating range. All of these desirable properties are obtained essentially for free, as the additional resonant inductor can be realized simply by introducing an air gap in the main power transformer.
Lazar et al. (Wed,) studied this question.